Also, we can use menu APIs to represent user actions and other options in our android application activities. Click here to head to a guide uniquely curated by our experts with the aim to make you industry ready in no time! Android Studio provides a standard XML format for type of menus to define menu items.
We can simply define the menu and all its items in XML menu resource instead of building the menu in the code and also load menu resource as menu object in the activity or fragment used in our android application.
Below is the example of defining a submenu in menu item. The Menus in android applications are following — Android Options Menu Android Context Menu Android Popup Menu Android Options Menu — Android Options Menu is a primary collection of menu items in an android application and useful for actions that have a global impact on the searching application.
For example, here's a button with the android:onClick attribute that shows a popup menu:. The menu is dismissed when the user selects an item or touches outside the menu area. You can listen for the dismiss event using PopupMenu. To perform an action when the user selects a menu item, you must implement the PopupMenu. When the user selects an item, the system calls the onMenuItemClick callback in your interface. The items that are in the group appear at the same level as the first item—all three items in the menu are siblings.
However, you can modify the traits of the two items in the group by referencing the group ID and using the methods listed above. The system will also never separate grouped items. A menu can be useful as an interface for turning options on and off, using a checkbox for stand-alone options, or radio buttons for groups of mutually exclusive options.
Figure 5 shows a submenu with items that are checkable with radio buttons. Note: Menu items in the Icon Menu from the options menu cannot display a checkbox or radio button. For example, all items in this menu group are checkable with a radio button:.
When a checkable item is selected, the system calls your respective item-selected callback method such as onOptionsItemSelected. It is here that you must set the state of the checkbox, because a checkbox or radio button does not change its state automatically.
You can query the current state of the item as it was before the user selected it with isChecked and then set the checked state with setChecked.
If you don't set the checked state this way, then the visible state of the item the checkbox or radio button will not change when the user selects it. When you do set the state, the activity preserves the checked state of the item so that when the user opens the menu later, the checked state that you set is visible. Note: Checkable menu items are intended to be used only on a per-session basis and not saved after the application is destroyed.
If you have application settings that you would like to save for the user, you should store the data using Shared Preferences. Sometimes you'll want a menu item to launch an activity using an Intent whether it's an activity in your application or another application.
When you know the intent you want to use and have a specific menu item that should initiate the intent, you can execute the intent with startActivity during the appropriate on-item-selected callback method such as the onOptionsItemSelected callback.
However, if you are not certain that the user's device contains an application that handles the intent, then adding a menu item that invokes it can result in a non-functioning menu item, because the intent might not resolve to an activity.
To solve this, Android lets you dynamically add menu items to your menu when Android finds activities on the device that handle your intent. So, it should only be used when creating a Menu in onCreateContextMenu.
For each activity found that provides an intent filter matching the intent defined, a menu item is added, using the value in the intent filter's android:label as the menu item title and the application icon as the menu item icon. The addIntentOptions method returns the number of menu items added. Note: When you call addIntentOptions , it overrides any and all menu items by the menu group specified in the first argument.
You can also offer the services of your activity to other applications, so your application can be included in the menu of others reverse the roles described above. Read more about writing intent filters in the Intents and Intent Filters document. Content and code samples on this page are subject to the licenses described in the Content License. App Basics. Build your first app. App resources. Resource types. App manifest file. Device compatibility. Multiple APK support. Tablets, large screens, and foldables.
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This method passes the MenuItem selected. You can identify the item by calling getItemId method, which returns the unique ID for the menu item defined by the android:id attribute in the menu resource. You can match this ID against known menu items to perform the appropriate action. Note: When you successfully handle a menu item, return true. If you don't handle the menu item, you should call the superclass implementation of onOptionsItemSelected The default implementation returns false.
If your activity uses a ListView or GridView and you want each item to provide the same context menu, you can register yout all items for a context menu by passing the ListView or GridView object to registerForContextMenu method. When the registered view receives a long-click event, the system calls your onCreateContextMenu method. This is where you define the menu items, usually by inflating a menu resource. For example:.
The method parameters include the View that the user selected and aContextMenu. ContextMenuInfo object provides additional information about the item selected. If your activity has several views such that each provide a different context menu, you might use these parameters to determine which context menu to inflate. When the user selects a menu item, the system calls onContextItemSelected method so that you can perform the appropriate action.
To perform an action when the user selects a menu item, you must implement the PopupMenu. When the user selects an item, the system calls the onMenuItemClick method in your Activity. Learn CSS. Learn JavaScript. C Language C Tutorial.
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